Transport in multicellular plants

WHY PLANTS & ANIMALS NEED A TRANSPORT SYSTEM ????
------> to carry these items and other necessities throughout the body to cells that would not be able to get it from the air. In plants the transport systems are xylem and phloem, and in animals it is the circulatory system.



Some of the particular requirements of plant cells are as follows :

- Carbon dioxide : Photosynthetic plant cells require a supply of CO2 during daylight
- Oxygen             : All plant cells require a supply of oxygen for respiration
- Organic nutrients : Many plant cells need to be supplied with organic nutrients
- Inorganic ions& water : These are taken up from the soil by roots & are transported to all regions of the plant.

(transport in plants )

The transport of water

-The energy of the Sun causes water to evaporate from the leaves called TRANSPIRATION

THE STRUCTURE OF XYLEM & PHLOEM

Difference and Comparison

Phloem and xylem are complex tissues that perform transportation of food and water in a plant. They are the vascular tissues of the plant and together form vascular bundles. They work together as a unit to bring about effectivetransportation of food, nutrients, minerals and water.

PHLOEM	XYLEM
Transportation of food and nutrients such as sugar and amino acids from leaves to storage organs and growing parts of plant	Water and mineral transport from roots to aerial parts of the plant.
Nature of tissue : Living tissue with little cytoplasm but no nucleus/tonoplast.	NOT : Dead tissue at maturity so it is hollow with no cell contents
Location in vascular bundle : Phloem occur on outer side of the vascular bundle.	xylem occupy the center of the vascular bundle.
Shape : Phloem is not star shaped.	Xylem is star shaped.

THE ROLES OF NITRATE & MAGNESIUM IONS IN PLANTS

- Nitrates provide the nitrogen plants need to construct such vital molecules as amino acids and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Also some of the vitamins. Lack of nitrates means stunted growth, low yields, yellow leaves. 

- Magnesium is the ion that's vital to chlorophyl function and photosynthesis. Without it leaves turn yellowish and/or red orange in colour, shrivel and die.

HOW TRANSLOCATION OF ORGANIC MATERIALS OCCURS IN PLANTS

Translocation involves the transport of organic materials produced through photosynthesis, such as sucrose, from the leaves to other parts of the plants where they are utilized. It occurs in the phloem sieve tube between the source end(near the leaves); where sucrose is loaded due to the process of photosynthesis by the palisade and spongy mesophyll cells to the sink end(near the end where sucrose is unloaded for respiration and storage purposes).